Fixation and Consensus Times on a Network: A Unified Approach

We investigate a set of stochastic models of biodiversity, population genetics, language evolution, and opinion dynamics on a network within a common framework. Each node has a state 0 < x(i)< 1 with interactions specified by strengths m(ij). For any set of m(ij), we derive an approximate expression for the mean time to reach fixation or consensus (all x(i)=0 or 1). Remarkably, in a case relevant to language change, this time is independent of the network structure.