Theory of elastic interaction between colloidal particles in a nematic cell in the presence of an external electric or magnetic field

The Green's function method developed previously [S. B. Chernyshuk and B. I. Lev, Phys. Rev. E 81, 041701 (2010)] is used to describe elastic interactions between axially symmetric colloidal particles in a nematic cell in the presence of an external electric or magnetic field. Formulas for dipole-dipole, dipole-quadrupole, and quadrupole-quadrupole interactions in the homeotropic and planar nematic cells with parallel and perpendicular field orientations are obtained. A set of predictions has been made: (1) The deconfinement effect for dipole particles in the homeotropic nematic cell when an electric field is approaching its Freedericksz threshold value E double right arrow E-t. This means cancellation of the confinement effect found in [M. Vilfan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 237801 (2008)] near the Freedericksz transition. In the planar nematic cell this deconfinement effect exists for both dipole and quadrupole particles and depends on the field orientation as well as on the sign of dielectric anisotropy Delta epsilon. (2) The effect of tunable stabilization of the particles is predicted. The equilibrium distance between two particles, which are attracted along the electric field parallel to the planes of a homeotropic nematic cell with Delta epsilon < 0, depends on the strength of the field. (3) Attraction and repulsion zones for all elastic interactions are changed dramatically under the action of the external field.