Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW E
Volume 86, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.056104
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Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK)
- Faculty of Engineering of Imperial College
- AD&T initiative at the University of Notre Dame
- NSF [CBET 1065652]
- Royal Academy of Engineering Distinguished Professorship
- EPSRC Mathematics Platform [EP/I019111/1]
- EPSRC [EP/J018201/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/J018201/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1065652] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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As in electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, time-periodic reverse voltage bias across a bipolar membrane is shown to exhibit hysteresis due to transient effects. This is due to the incomplete depletion of mobile ions, at the junction between the membranes, within two adjoining polarized layers; the layer thickness depends on the applied voltage and the surface charge densities. Experiments show that the hysteresis consists of an Ohmic linear rise in the total current with respect to the voltage, followed by a decay of the current. A limiting current is established for a long period when all the mobile ions are depleted from the polarized layer. If the resulting high field within the two polarized layers is sufficiently large, water dissociation occurs to produce proton and hydroxyl traveling wave fronts which contribute to another large jump in the current. We use numerical simulation and asymptotic analysis to interpret the experimental results and to estimate the amplitude of the transient hysteresis and the water-dissociation current.
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