Simultaneous normal and parallel incidence planar left-handed metamaterial

We investigate numerically the negative refraction of a simultaneous normal and parallel incidence planar left-handed metamaterial (LHM) in this paper. This LHM is comprised of fourfold C-shaped rings, which are printed on both sides of the substrates symmetrically, and it can exhibit left-handed properties with electromagnetic wave incident in three different directions. The retrieved result and the simulated result verify the left-handed properties of the fourfold C-shaped metamaterial very well. Then the different electric responses of the normal and parallel incidence cases to the incident electromagnetic wave are discussed, and it is due to the different distribution of the induced currents in the metallic wires.