Journal
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
Volume 45, Issue 4, Pages 721-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.02.005
Keywords
Veterinary medicine; Canine; Feline; Cystitis; Pyelonephritis; Prostatitis; Urinary tract infection
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Urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs when there is compromise of host defense mechanisms and a virulent microbe adheres, multiplies, and persists in a portion of the urinary tract. Most commonly, UTI is caused by bacteria, but fungi and viruses are possible. Urine culture and sensitivity are the gold standards for diagnosis of bacterial UTI. Identifying the location of infection (eg, bladder, kidney, prostate) as well as comorbidities (eg, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression) is essential to guide the diagnostic and therapeutic plan. Antimicrobial agents are the mainstay of therapy for bacterial UTI and selected ideally based on culture and sensitivity.
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