Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW D
Volume 87, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.012005
Keywords
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Funding
- U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs
- U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division
- University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure
- U.S. Department of Energy
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
- Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources
- National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Swedish Research Council, Sweden
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Sweden
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), Sweden
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden
- German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Germany
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany
- Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany
- Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO)
- FWO Odysseus programme
- Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT)
- Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo)
- University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Marsden Fund, New Zealand
- Australian Research Council
- Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J000507/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/J000507/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0969661] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Physics [0969661] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In cosmic ray air showers, the muon lateral separation from the center of the shower is a measure of the transverse momentum that the muon parent acquired in the cosmic ray interaction. IceCube has observed cosmic ray interactions that produce muons laterally separated by up to 400 m from the shower core, a factor of 6 larger distance than previous measurements. These muons originate in high p(T) (> 2 GeV/c) interactions from the incident cosmic ray, or high-energy secondary interactions. The separation distribution shows a transition to a power law at large values, indicating the presence of a hard p(T) component that can be described by perturbative quantum chromodynamics. However, the rates and the zenith angle distributions of these events are not well reproduced with the cosmic ray models tested here, even those that include charm interactions. This discrepancy may be explained by a larger fraction of kaons and charmed particles than is currently incorporated in the simulations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.012005
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