Two-nucleon systems in a finite volume. II.3S1-3D1 coupled channels and the deuteron

The energy spectra of two nucleons in a cubic volume provide access to the two phase shifts and one mixing angle that define the S matrix in the S-3(1)-D-3(1) coupled channels containing the deuteron. With the aid of recently derived energy quantization conditions for such systems, and the known scattering parameters, these spectra are predicted for a range of volumes. It is found that extractions of the infinite-volume deuteron binding energy and leading scattering parameters, including the S-D mixing angle at the deuteron pole, are possible from lattice QCD calculations of two-nucleon systems with boosts of vertical bar P vertical bar <= 2 pi/L root 3 in volumes with 10 fm less than or similar to L less than or similar to 14 fm. The viability of extracting the asymptotic D/S ratio of the deuteron wave function from lattice QCD calculations is discussed.