Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 87, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115417
Keywords
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Funding
- NSFC [11174221, 10974144]
- CNKBRSF [2011CB922001]
- National 863 Program of China [2006AA03Z407]
- NCET [07-0621]
- STCSM
- SHEDF [06SG24]
- US Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering) [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
- China Scholarship Council [201206260055]
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We experimentally observe toroidal dipolar response in a planar metamaterial comprised of asymmetric split-ring resonators (ASRRs) at microwave frequency. It is shown that a toroidal molecule can be constructed through rational arrangement of planar ASRRs as meta-atoms via manipulating structural symmetry and thus coupling of the meta-atoms. We find that the toroidal resonance provides a subwavelength-scale electromagnetic localization style, and that confining the electromagnetic field inside a dielectric medium with toroidal geometry is beneficial for low-loss metamaterials. The planar scheme of manipulating the coupling among the ASRRs may stimulate research in optical regions involving toroidal multipoles. The toroidal geometry together with the Fano resonance of ASRR-induced high-Q response will have enormous potential applications in enhancing light-matter interactions, e. g., for low-threshold lasing, low-power nonlinear processing, and sensitive biosensing. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115417
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