Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 84, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.064115
Keywords
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Funding
- Groupement National de Recherche (GNR) MATINEX
- French-Polish cooperation program [01-104]
- French National Agency for Research [ANR 07-BLAN-0282-01]
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-07-BLAN-0282] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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The structural transformations induced in Gd2Ti2O7 single crystals irradiated at high energies (870-MeV Xe), where ionization processes (electronic stopping) dominate, and at low energies (4-MeV Au), where ballistic processes (nuclear stopping) dominate, have been studied via the combination of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channeling (RBS/C), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments. At high energy, amorphization occurs directly in individual ion tracks from the extreme electronic-energy deposition, and full amorphization results from the overlapping of these tracks as described by a direct impact model. The track diameters lie in the range 6-9 nm. At low energy, amorphization occurs via indirect processes, driven by ballistic nuclear energy deposition from the ions, that is accounted for in the framework of both direct-impact/defect-stimulated and multi-step damage accumulation models. The ion fluence for total amorphization of the irradiated layer is much higher at low energy (0.5 ion nm(-2)) than at high energy (0.05 ion nm(-2)), consistent with the nuclear stopping at low energy (5.2 keV/nm) compared to the electronic stopping at high energy (29 keV/nm).
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