4.6 Article

Giant surface charge density of graphene resolved from scanning tunneling microscopy and first-principles theory

Journal

PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 84, Issue 16, Pages -

Publisher

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.161409

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-10-1-0181, N00014-08-1-0915, N00014-07-1-0825]
  2. National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0855358, DMR-0701558, DMR-0080054, 0722625]
  3. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [ER-46612]
  4. HPCMO of the U.S. Department of Defense
  5. Division Of Computer and Network Systems
  6. Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr [0959124] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  7. EPSCoR
  8. Office Of The Director [0918970] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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In this work, systematic constant-bias, variable-current scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements and STM simulations from density-functional theory are carried out, yielding critical insights into the spatial structure of electrons in graphene. A foundational comparison is drawn between graphene and graphite, showing the surface charge density of graphene to be 300% that of graphite. Furthermore, simulated STM images reveal that high-current STM better resolves graphene's honeycomb bonding structure because of a retraction which occurs in the topmost dangling bond orbitals.

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