Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 81, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.205409
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy
- IT-QuantTel
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal)
- FEDER (European Union) [PTDC/EEA-TEL/103402/2008 QuantPrivTel]
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It is shown that for monolayer graphene electrons are confined on a perfect two-dimensional surface. The implications for the electronic properties of corrugated graphene are discussed in view of a derivation of the constrained relativistic dynamics for the massless carriers in two dimensions in accord with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Surface curvature is related to a series of phenomena with practical applications such as curvature induced p-n junctions, band-gap opening, and decoherence. We also establish a bending free energy by treating graphene as a soft electronic membrane.
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