Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 79, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.144112
Keywords
density functional theory; elastic constants; elastic moduli; ferromagnetic materials; gallium alloys; linear muffin-tin orbital method; magnetic moments; magnetomechanical effects; manganese alloys; martensitic transformations; nickel alloys; shape memory effects; shear modulus; stoichiometry
Funding
- MoST of China [2006CB605104]
- NSFC [50631030, 50871114, 08-02-92201a]
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [T048827]
- Carl Tryggers Foundation
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The site occupancy and elastic modulus of off-stoichiometric Ni2MnGa alloys are investigated by the use of the first-principles exact muffin-tin orbital method in combination with coherent-potential approximation. The stable site occupancy at 300 K is determined by comparing the free energies of the alloys with different site-occupation configurations. It is shown that, for most of the off-stoichiometric Ni2MnGa, the normal site occupation is favorable, i.e., the excess atoms of the rich component occupy the sublattice(s) of the deficient one(s). Nevertheless, for the Ga-rich alloys, the excess Ga atoms have strong tendency to take the Mn sublattice no matter if Mn is deficient or not. Based on the determined site occupancy, the elastic moduli of the off-stoichiometric Ni2MnGa are calculated. We find that, in general, the bulk modulus increases with increasing e/a ratio (i.e., the number of valence electrons per atom). The shear moduli C-' and C-44 change oppositely with e/a ratio: C-' decreases but C-44 increases with increasing e/a. However, the Mn-rich Ga-deficient alloys deviate significantly from this general trend. The correlation of calculated elastic moduli and available experimental martensitic transformation temperatures (T-M) demonstrates that the alloy with larger C-' than that of the perfect Ni2MnGa generally possesses lower T-M except for Ni2Mn1+xGa1-x.
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