Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 89, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.042321
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [91121015]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB921401]
- NSAF [U1330201]
- National Science Foundation [0956064, 0916303]
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr [0916303] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0956064] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division of Computing and Communication Foundations [0916303] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Materials Research [0956064] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We study a hybrid quantum system consisting of spin ensembles and superconducting flux qubits, where each spin ensemble is realized using the nitrogen-vacancy centers in a diamond crystal and the nearest-neighbor spin ensembles are effectively coupled via a flux qubit. We showthat the coupling strengths between flux qubits and spin ensembles can reach the strong and even ultrastrong coupling regimes by either engineering the hybrid structure in advance or tuning the excitation frequencies of spin ensembles via external magnetic fields. When extending the hybrid structure to an array with equal coupling strengths, we find that in the strong-coupling regime, the hybrid array is reduced to a tight-binding model of a one-dimensional bosonic lattice. In the ultrastrong-coupling regime, it exhibits quasiparticle excitations separated from the ground state by an energy gap. Moreover, these quasiparticle excitations and the ground state are stable under a certain condition that is tunable via the external magnetic field. This may provide an experimentally accessible method to probe the instability of the system.
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