Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 86, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.051607
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Funding
- Finnish Doctoral Programme in Computational Sciences (FICS)
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Academy of Finland through its Centres of Excellence Program [251748]
- GAIDIA project [141015]
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We numerically investigate low-energy stationary states of pseudospin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of Rashba-Dresselhaus-type spin-orbit coupling. We show that for experimentally feasible parameters and strong spin-orbit coupling, the ground state is a square vortex lattice irrespective of the nature of the spin-dependent interactions. For weak spin-orbit coupling, the lowest-energy state may host a single vortex. Furthermore, we analytically derive constraints that explain why certain stationary states do not emerge as ground states. Importantly, we show that the distinct stationary states can be observed experimentally by standard time-of-flight spin-independent absorption imaging.
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