Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 86, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.013823
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Funding
- NSF [PHY-0855399]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [0855399] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We demonstrate steady-state, mirrorless superradiance in a cold vapor pumped by weak optical fields. Beyond a critical pump intensity of 1 mW/cm(2), the vapor spontaneously transforms into a spatially self-organized state: a density grating forms. Scattering of the pump beams off this grating generates a pair of new, intense optical fields that act back on the vapor to enhance the atomic organization. We map out experimentally the superradiant phase transition boundary and show that it is well described by our theoretical model. The resulting superradiant emission is nearly coherent, persists for several seconds, displays strong temporal correlations between the various modes, and has a coherence time of several hundred mu s. This system therefore has applications in fundamental studies of many-body physics with long-range interactions as well as all-optical and quantum information processing.
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