Journal
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Volume 16, Issue 7, Pages 3055-3061Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54604g
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High-energy batteries need significant cathodes which can simultaneously provide large specific capacities and high discharge plateaus. NASICON-structured Na3V2( PO4)(3) ( NVP) has been utilised as a promising cathode to meet this requirement and be used in the construction of high energy batteries. For a hybrid-ion battery by employing metallic lithium as an anode, NVP exhibits an initial specific capacity of 170 mA h g(-1) in the voltage range of 1.6-4.8 V with a long discharge plateau around 3.7 V. Three Na(2) sites for NVP are found capable to be utilised through the application of a wide voltage window but only two of them are able to undergo ions exchange to produce a NaLi2V2(PO4)(3) phase. However, a hybrid-ion migration mechanism is suggested to exist to describe the whole ion transport in which the effects of a Na-ion barrier'' results in a lowered ion diffusion rate and observed specific capacity.
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