Journal
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Volume 15, Issue 7, Pages 2572-2579Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2cp44397j
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Funding
- European Community [246124]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) APEX project
- EPSRC [EP/H040218/2] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/H040218/2] Funding Source: researchfish
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Lithium salts have been shown to dramatically increase the conductivity in a broad range of polymeric and small molecule organic semiconductors (OSs). Here we demonstrate and identify the mechanism by which Li+ p-dopes OSs in the presence of oxygen. After we established the lithium doping mechanism, we re-evaluate the role of lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide (Li-TFSI) in 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9'-Spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) based solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ss-DSSCs). The doping mechanism consumes Li+ during the device operation, which poses a problem, since the lithium salt is required at the dye-sensitized heterojunction to enhance charge generation. This compromise highlights that new additives are required to maximize the performance and the long-term stability of ss-DSSCs.
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