Journal
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Volume 15, Issue 23, Pages 9051-9057Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51551f
Keywords
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Funding
- Department of Energy [DE-FG02-87ER45298]
- Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2)
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy of Sciences [SE-SC0001086]
- National Science Foundation Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC) [DMR 1120296]
- Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China [01-24-013040]
- American Chemical Society (ACS) Division of Analytical Chemistry (ACS)
- Eastman Chemical Company
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We present hierarchical architecture MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes)@meso C core-shell nanostructures as a carbon matrix for effective trapping of sulfur/polysulfides as a cathode material for Li-S batteries. The unique structure of MWCNT@meso C core-shell nanocomposites was achieved by using a sol-gel coating method followed by nanocasting. By infiltrating sulfur into the matrix, S/MWCNT@meso C core-shell nanocomposites were achieved. This material exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 1248 mA h g(-1) although it decayed to about 640 mA h g(-1) after 50 cycles. However, this performance is much better than that of S directly deposited on MWCNT (S/MWCNT) which only retained a capacity of 120 mA h g(-1) after 50 cycles. Our composite exhibited excellent rate capability even at a discharge current density of 2 A g(-1). The improvement in electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergetic effect between MWCNT cores, which provide electronic conduction pathways, and the mesoporous carbon shells with a relatively high surface area, which can trap sulfur/polysulfides and provide Li+ ion pathways.
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