Journal
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pages 5114-5119Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02279a
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Funding
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23560935] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzenes to corresponding aminobenzenes in aqueous suspensions of titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) containing hole scavengers under various conditions was examined. In photocatalytic reduction of m-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid (m-NBS) in the presence of formic acid (FA) under deaerated conditions, m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (m-ABS) was produced almost quantitatively in acidic suspensions and high efficiency (> 99%) in FA utilization as a hole scavenger was achieved. No re-oxidation of m-ABS occurred in acidic conditions both in the presence and absence of FA. The high yield of m-ABS was explained by strong ability of FA as a hole scavenger and possible repulsion of the reduced functional group (ammonium group, -NH3+) from the protonated, i.e., positively charged TiO2 surface in acidic suspensions avoiding re-oxidation of m-ABS. Using TiO2 samples of various physical properties, which had been synthesized by a solvothermal method and post-calcination at various temperatures, effects of physical properties of the TiO2 samples on m-ABS yield were also investigated. A linear correlation between the amount of m-NBS adsorbed and the m-ABS yield was observed, suggesting that ability of TiO2 for m-NBS adsorption is one of the key factors for effective photocatalytic reduction of m-NBS to m-ABS. This photocatalytic system can be applied for reduction of aminonitrobenzenes to corresponding diaminobenzenes (DAB) in the presence of oxalic acid as a hole scavenger. High yields of m-ABS and DAB were achieved even when the reactions were performed in the presence of oxygen.
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