Recent progress in theoretical analysis of vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy

This article summarizes the computational analysis of the vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy with molecular dynamics simulation. The analysis allows direct comparison of experimental SFG spectra and microscopic interface structure obtained by molecular simulation, and thereby obviates empirical fitting procedures of the observed spectra. In the theoretical formulation, the frequency-dependent nonlinear susceptibility of an interface is calculated in two ways, based on the energy representation and time-dependent representation. The application to aqueous interfaces revealed a number of new insights into the local structure of electrolyte interfaces and the interpretation of SFG spectroscopy.