Journal
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 355-359Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/pssr.201307079
Keywords
high pressure; phase transformations; hexagonal germanium; nanoindentation
Funding
- Australian Research Council (ARC)
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We have studied the stable end phase formed in amorphous germanium (a-Ge) films that have been subjected to a pressure-induced phase transformation under indentation loading using a large (20 mu m) spherical indenter. After indentation the samples have been annealed at room temperature to remove any residual unstable R8 and BC8 phases. Raman spectroscopy indicates a single broad peak centred around 292 cm1 and we have used first principles density functional perturbation theory calculations and simulated Raman spectra for nano-crystalline diamond cubic germanium (DC-Ge) to help identification of the final phase as hexagonal diamond germanium (HEX-Ge). Transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of a dominant HEX-Ge end phase. These results help explain significant inconsistencies in the literature relating to indentation-induced phase transitions in DC- and a-Ge. ((c) 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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