Journal
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
Volume 406, Issue 24, Pages 4630-4633Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2011.09.046
Keywords
BaTiO(3); Oxygen vacancy; Raman study; XPS
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [19974077, 10027001, 10004017]
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Barium titanate (BaTiO(3)) crystal samples with different distribution of oxygen vacancies were prepared through different thermal treatment processes. The influences of oxygen vacancies on the Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of BaTiO(3) single crystals were studied comparatively. Raman measurements of fast-cooled BaTiO(3), which annealed in vacuum and then cooled in air showed many different spectroscopic results comparing with as-received BaTiO(3) sample. Raman measurements of slow-cooled BaTiO(3), which annealed in vacuum and then cooled in tube furnace exhibited few spectroscopic differences. XPS measurements of as-received BaTiO(3) sample and fast-cooled BaTiO(3) sample confirmed that this discrepancy resulted from the surface phase of oxygen vacancy in BaTiO(3). (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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