Journal
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH
Volume 102, Issue 2-3, Pages 169-175Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11120-009-9498-z
Keywords
Chlorophyll fluorescence; Blue-green fluorescence; Pyridine nucleotide; Two-photon microscopy
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Funding
- AUTOSCREEN for cell-based high-throughput and high-content gene function analysis and drug discovery screens
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [AV0Z60870520]
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Multi-color fluorescence emission from leaf tissues is presented as a powerful reporter on plant biochemistry and physiology that can be applied both at macro- and micro-scales. The blue-green fluorescence emission is typically excited by ultraviolet (UV) excitation. However, this approach cannot be applied in investigating intact leaf interior because the UV photons are largely absorbed in the epidermis of the leaf surface. This methodological barrier is eliminated by replacing the UV photon excitation by excitation with two infra-red photons of the same total energy. We demonstrate this approach by using two-photon excitation for microscopy of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves infected by pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. The leaf structures are visualized by red chlorophyll fluorescence emission reconstructed in 3-D images while the bacteria are detected by the green emission of engineered fluorescence protein.
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