Oncologic photodynamic therapy: Clinical strategies that modulate mechanisms of action

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an elegant minimally invasive oncologic therapy. The clinical simplicity of photosensitizer (PS) drug application followed by appropriate illumination of target leading to the oxygen dependent tumor ablative Photodynamic Reaction (PDR) has gained this treatment worldwide acceptance. Yet the true potential of clinical PDT has not yet been achieved. This paper will review current mechanisms of action and treatment paradigms with critical commentary on means to potentially improve outcome using readily available clinical tools. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.