Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 369, Issue 1654, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0595
Keywords
astroglia; synapse; astroglial cradle; synaptogenesis; neurotransmission; potassium buffering
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Alzheimer's Research Trust (UK)
- European Commission
- IKERBASQUE
- Nizny Novgorod State University
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF13OC0004258] Funding Source: researchfish
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- SBE Off Of Multidisciplinary Activities [1344466] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- SBE Off Of Multidisciplinary Activities [1344471] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Astroglial perisynaptic sheath covers the majority of synapses in the central nervous system. This glial coverage evolved as a part of the synaptic structure in which elements directly responsible for neurotransmission (exocytotic machinery and appropriate receptors) concentrate in neuronal membranes, whereas multiple molecules imperative for homeostatic maintenance of the synapse (transporters for neurotransmitters, ions, amino acids, etc.) are shifted to glial membranes that have substantially larger surface area. The astrocytic perisynaptic processes act as an 'astroglial cradle' essential for synaptogenesis, maturation, isolation and maintenance of synapses, representing the fundamental mechanism contributing to synaptic connectivity, synaptic plasticity and information processing in the nervous system.
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