Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 364, Issue 1523, Pages 1579-1591Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0004
Keywords
predator-prey; eco-evolutionary; genetic diversity; rotifers; alga
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Funding
- Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [0813743] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Natural Environment Research Council [cpb010001] Funding Source: researchfish
- NERC [cpb010001] Funding Source: UKRI
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Character evolution that affects ecological community interactions often occurs contemporaneously with temporal changes in population size, potentially altering the very nature of those dynamics. Such eco-evolutionary processes may be most readily explored in systems with short generations and simple genetics. Asexual and cyclically parthenogenetic organisms such as microalgae, cladocerans and rotifers, which frequently dominate freshwater plankton communities, meet these requirements. Multiple clonal lines can coexist within each species over extended periods, until either fixation occurs or a sexual phase reshuffles the genetic material. When clones differ in traits affecting interspecific interactions, within-species clonal dynamics can have major effects on the population dynamics. We first consider a simple predator-prey system with two prey genotypes, parametrized with data from a well-studied experimental system, and explore how the extent of differences in defence against predation within the prey population determine dynamic stability versus instability of the system. We then explore how increased potential for evolution affects the community dynamics in a more general community model with multiple predator and multiple prey genotypes. These examples illustrate how microevolutionary 'details' that enhance or limit the potential for heritable phenotypic change can have significant effects on contemporaneous community-level dynamics and the persistence and coexistence of species.
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