Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
Volume 370, Issue 1965, Pages 1871-1895Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0429
Keywords
kink band; composite; fracture; unidirectional; woven; recycled
Categories
Funding
- EPSRC
- DSTL
- Airbus
- Renault F1 [EP/E0Z3169/1]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/36636/2007, SFRH/BD/44051/2008]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/44051/2008, SFRH/BD/36636/2007] Funding Source: FCT
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/E023169/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/E023169/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Modelling the longitudinal compressive failure of carbon-fibre-reinforced composites has been attempted for decades. Despite many developments, no single model has surfaced to provide simultaneously a definitive explanation for the micromechanics of failure as well as validated predictions for a generic stress state. This paper explores the reasons for this, by presenting experimental data (including scanning electron microscopic observations of loaded kink bands during propagation, and brittle shear fracture at 45 degrees to the fibres) and reviewing previously proposed micromechanical analytical and numerical models. The paper focuses mainly on virgin unidirectional (UD) composites, but studies for woven and recycled composites are also presented, highlighting similarities and differences between these cases. It is found that, while kink-band formation (also referred to in the literature as microbuckling) is predominant in UD composites under longitudinal compression, another failure mode related to the failure of the fibres can be observed experimentally. It is also shown that the micromechanics of the failure process observed in UD composites is similar to that in other fibre architectures, hence encouraging the adaptation and application of models developed for the former to the latter.
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