Journal
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
Volume 30, Issue 10, Pages 2475-2484Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0915-1
Keywords
central nervous system; insulin; intranasal administration; oxytocin; stem cells
Funding
- Tore Nilsons Foundation
- Ingrid Thurings Foundation
- Swedish Brain Foundation
- Ake Wiberg Foundation
- Olle Engkvist Byggmastare Foundation
- Ahlens Foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- National Institutes of Health
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
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One of the most challenging problems facing modern medicine is how to deliver a given drug to a specific target at the exclusion of other regions. For example, a variety of compounds have beneficial effects within the central nervous system (CNS), but unwanted side effects in the periphery. For such compounds, traditional oral or intravenous drug delivery fails to provide benefit without cost. However, intranasal delivery is emerging as a noninvasive option for delivering drugs to the CNS with minimal peripheral exposure. Additionally, this method facilitates the delivery of large and/or charged therapeutics, which fail to effectively cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, for a variety of growth factors, hormones, neuropeptides and therapeutics including insulin, oxytocin, orexin, and even stem cells, intranasal delivery is emerging as an efficient method of administration, and represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diseases with CNS involvement, such as obesity, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, depression, anxiety, autism spectrum disorders, seizures, drug addiction, eating disorders, and stroke.
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