Journal
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 458, Issue 1, Pages 61-76Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-008-0607-1
Keywords
Diuretics; Hypertension; Salt transport; Regulation; Phosphorylation; Isoforms
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [DK 54171, DK 64635]
- CONACYT [59992]
- Foundation Leducq
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK064635, R01DK054171] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The thick ascending limb of Henle's loop is a nephron segment that is vital to the formation of dilute and concentrated urine. This ability is accomplished by a consortium of functionally coupled proteins consisting of the apical Na+:K+:2Cl(-) co-transporter, the K+ channel, and basolateral Cl- channel that mediate electroneutral salt absorption. In thick ascending limbs, salt absorption is importantly regulated by the calcium-sensing receptor. Genetic or pharmacological disruption impairing the function of any of these proteins results in Bartter syndrome. The thick ascending limb is also an important site of Ca2+ and Mg2+ absorption. Calcium-sensing receptor activation inhibits cellular Ca2+ absorption induced by parathyroid hormone, as well as passive paracellular Ca2+ transport. The present review discusses these functions and their genetic and molecular regulation.
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