Journal
PEPTIDES
Volume 54, Issue -, Pages 89-100Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.01.016
Keywords
Brown adipose tissue; Exercise; FNDC5; Obesity
Funding
- German Research Foundation [STE 1765/3-1]
- Charite University Funding [UFF 89-441-176]
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The recently described myokine, irisin is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5) and has been proposed to be secreted upon exercise to promote the browning of beige fat cells in white adipose tissue that results in enhanced thermogenesis and increased energy expenditure. The initial studies suggested irisin as a treatment option for obesity and associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and stimulated further research. However, the results of subsequent studies investigating the regulation of irisin by different types of exercise are partly conflicting and effects were only shown in highly selective patient populations so far. Moreover, other parameters like body weight or fat free mass were shown to influence irisin adding more complexity to the mechanisms regulating this hormone. The present review will describe the discovery of irisin, its potential role in adipose tissuemediated thermogenesis, its regulation by exercise and lastly, discuss current controversies and highlight gaps of knowledge to be filled by future studies. (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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