Journal
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 38, Issue 2, Pages 77-85Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2014.12.002
Keywords
motor control; motor system; neural loops; motor maps
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Funding
- Australia Israel Research Exchange (AIRE) fellowship
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1022839]
- Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Grant
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Coherent beta-oscillations are a dominant feature of the sensorimotor system yet their function remains enigmatic. We propose that, in addition to cell intrinsic and/or local network interactions, they are supported by activity propagating recurrently around closed neural 'loops' between primary motor cortex (M1), muscles, and back to M1 via somatosensory pathways. Individual loops reciprocally connect individual muscle synergies ('motor primitives') with their representations in M1, and the conduction time around each loop resonates with the periodic spiking of its constituent neurons/muscles. During beta-oscillations, this resonance strengthens within-loop connectivity (via long-term potentiation, LTP), whereas non-resonance between different loops weakens connectivity (via long-term depression, LTD) between M1 representations of different muscle synergies. In this way, beta-oscillations help maintain accurate and discrete representations of muscle synergies in M1.
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