Donor cell-derived acute myeloid leukemia after second allogenic cord blood transplantation in a patient with Fanconi anemia

Gustafsson B, Moell J, LeBlanc K, Barbany G, Soderhall S, Winiarski J. Donor cell-derived acute myeloid leukemia after second allogenic cord blood transplantation in a patient with Fanconi anemia. Pediatr Transplantation 2011. (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: DCL following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been reported in approximately 5% of all leukemic relapses. There have been several reports on DCL, mainly AML after umbilical cord blood transplantation. In this case study, we present a young boy diagnosed with Fanconi anemia who underwent an umbilical cord blood transplantation. Because of the graft failure, he was retransplanted one month later, also with a cord blood transplant. Two years after the second transplant, he developed AML, where 100% of the cells were of female donor origin. The donor, a now 14-yr-old female, was recently reported healthy.