Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 26, Issue 8, Pages 438-448Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.05.007
Keywords
endoplasmic reticulum stress; inflammation; insulin resistance; type 2 diabetes mellitus; unfolded protein response
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Funding
- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of the Spanish Government [SAF2012-30708]
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metaboilicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the development of insulin resistance and progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Disruption of ER homeostasis leads to ER stress, which activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). This response is linked to different processes involved in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and T2DM, including inflammation, lipid accumulation, insulin biosynthesis, and a-cell apoptosis. Understanding the mechanisms by which disruption of ER homeostasis leads to IR and its progression to T2DM may offer new pharmacological targets for the treatment and prevention of these diseases. Here, we examine ER stress, the UPR, and downstream pathways in insulin sensitive tissues, and in IR, and offer insights towards therapeutic strategies.
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