Journal
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
Volume 19, Issue 11, Pages 700-710Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.08.013
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Funding
- Simons Foundation
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- Google DeepMind
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Many different situations related to self control involve competition between two routes to decisions: default and frugal versus more resource-intensive. Examples include habits versus deliberative decisions, fatigue versus cognitive effort, and Pavlovian versus instrumental decision making. We propose that these situations are linked by a strikingly similar core dilemma, pitting the opportunity costs of monopolizing shared resources such as executive functions for some time, against the possibility of obtaining a better outcome. We offer a unifying normative perspective on this underlying rational meta-optimization, review how this may tie together recent advances in many separate areas, and connect several independent models. Finally, we suggest that the crucial mechanisms and meta-decision variables may be shared across domains.
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