Journal
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 25, Issue 5, Pages 249-264Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.12.004
Keywords
bone morphogenetic proteins; antagonist; miRNA; Gremlin; disease
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Funding
- Diabetes UK
- Northern Ireland Kidney Research Fund
- DEL Northern Ireland
- BBSRC CASE PhD studentship
- Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology PhD programme in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
- Science Foundation Ireland
- NIDDK Diabetes Complications Consortium
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, Basel
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Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated proteins that regulate a wide range of developmental processes, including limb and kidney formation. A critical element of BMP regulation is the presence of secreted antagonists that bind and inhibit BMP binding to their cognate Ser/Thr kinase receptors at the plasma membrane. Antagonists such as Noggin, Chordin, Gremlin (Grem1), and twisted gastrulation-1 (Twsg1) have been shown to inhibit BMP action in a range of different cell types and developmental stage-specific contexts. Here we review new developments in the field of BMP and BMP antagonist biology during mammalian development and suggest strategies for targeting these proteins in human disease.
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