Journal
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
Volume 40, Issue 8, Pages 435-445Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.05.001
Keywords
antioxidant enzyme; peroxidase; redox signaling; antioxidant defense
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01 GM050389, R33 CA177461]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R33CA177461] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM050389] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of cysteine-dependent peroxidase enzymes that play dominant roles in regulating peroxide levels within cells. These enzymes, often present at high levels and capable of rapidly clearing peroxides, display a remarkable array of variations in their oligomeric states and susceptibility to regulation by hyperoxidative inactivation and other post-translational modifications. Key conserved residues within the active site promote catalysis by stabilizing the transition state required for transferring the terminal oxygen of hydroperoxides to the active site (peroxidatic) cysteine residue. Extensive investigations continue to expand our understanding of the scope of their importance as well as the structures and forces at play within these critical defense and regulatory enzymes.
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