The Reciprocal Influences of Asthma and Obesity on Lung Function Testing, AHR, and Airway Inflammation in Prepubertal Children

Although asthma and obesity are among the major chronic disorders their reciprocal or independent influences on lung function testing airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and bronchial inflammation has not been completely elucidated In 118 pre pubertal Caucasian children anthropometric measurements functional respiratory parameters (flow/volume curves at baseline and after 6 minute walk test [6MWT]) together with bronchial inflammatory index (FeNO) were assessed The study population was divided into four groups according to BMI and the presence or absence of asthma Obese asthmatic (ObA) Normal weight asthmatic (NwA) Obese non asthmatic (Ob) non asthmatic normal weight children (Nw) Baseline PEF and MEF75 (% expected) were significantly different across the four groups with significantly lower values of MEF75 in ObA and Ob children when compared to Nw children (P = 0 004 and P = 0 0001 respectively) and this independent role of obesity on upper respiratory flows was confirmed by multiple analysis of covariance After 6 MWT respiratory parameters decreased only in ObA and NwA children and 12 children presented a positive fall in FEV1 in contrast no changes of respiratory function testing were detected in Ob and Nw children and only 2 Ob children presented a significant fall in FEV1 FeNO analysis demonstrated significantly higher values in ObA and NwA children when compared to Ob (P = 0 008 and P = 0 0002 respectively) and Nw children (P = 0 0001 and P = 0 0003 respectively) although a significant difference was found between Ob and Nw children (P = 0 0004) Multiple analysis of covariance confirmed an independent role of asthma on this parameter In conclusion while AHR and airway inflammation are clearly associated with an asthmatic status obesity seems to induce reduction of upper airways flows associated with a certain degree of pro inflammatory changes Pediatr Pulmonol 2010, 45 1103-1110 (C) 2010 Wiley Liss Inc