Autoimmune Thyroid Disease Following Alemtuzumab Therapy and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

Allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is currently the only curative treatment option for patients with sickle cell disease. Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against CD52 positive cells used in myeloablative conditioning regimens for alloHCT. Its use has been associated with development of autoimmune disease in adult patients with rheumatologic conditions. We report on three cases of new onset autoimmune thyroid disease after alloHCT treatment with alemtuzumab in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:2307-2309. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.