Hospitalization rates among survivors of childhood cancer in the childhood cancer survivor study cohort

Background Chronic health conditions are common among long-term childhood cancer survivors, but hospitalization rates have not been reported. The objective of this study was to determine overall and cause-specific hospitalization rates among survivors of childhood cancer and compare rates to the U.S. population. Procedure The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) is a retrospective cohort of 5+ year survivors of childhood malignancies treated at 26 participating centers. Self-reported hospitalizations from 10,366 survivors (diagnosed 19701986) were compared to U.S. population rates using age- and sex-stratified standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Reasons for hospitalization were evaluated and associations between demographic, cancer and treatment-related risk factors with hospitalization were investigated. Results Survivors were, on average, 20.9 years from cancer diagnosis (SD: 4.6, range: 1332) and 28.6 years of age (SD: 7.7, range: 1351). Survivor hospitalization rates were 1.6 times the U.S. population (95% CI: 1.6; 1.7). Increased hospitalization rates were noted irrespective of gender, age at follow-up and cancer diagnosis, with highest SIRs noted among male (SIR?=?2.6, 95% CI: 2.2; 3.0) and female (SIR?=?2.7, 95% CI: 2.4; 3.1) survivors aged 4554. Female gender, an existing chronic health condition and/or a second neoplasm, and prior treatment with radiation were associated with an increased risk of non-obstetrical hospitalization. Conclusions Survivors of childhood cancer demonstrate substantially higher hospitalization rates. Additional research is needed to further quantify the healthcare utilization and economic impact of treatment-related complications as this population ages. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 126132. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.