Journal
PATHOLOGY
Volume 44, Issue 3, Pages 181-186Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1097/PAT.0b013e328351bcc8
Keywords
Ageing; atherosclerosis; chylomicron remnant; diabetes mellitus; fenestration; hyperlipidaemia; liver disease; liver sieve; liver sinusoidal endothelial cell
Categories
Funding
- Canterbury Medical Research Foundation of New Zealand
- Health Research Council of New Zealand
- Lotteries Health of New Zealand
- National Health and Medical Research Foundation of Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer's Research Foundation
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The 'liver sieve' is a term developed to describe the appearance and the role of fenestrations in the liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC). LSECs are gossamer-thin cells that line the hepatic sinusoid and they are perforated with pores called fenestrations clustered in sieve plates. There is growing evidence that fenestrations act like a permselective ultrafiltration system which is important for the hepatic uptake of many substrates, particularly chylomicron remnant lipoproteins. The liver sieve is a very efficient exchange system, however in conditions such as hepatic cirrhosis and fibrosis, diabetes mellitus and old age, there is defenestration of the liver sieve. Such defenestration has been shown to influence the hepatic uptake of various substrates including lipoproteins. In the future, pharmacological manipulation of the liver sieve may play a number of therapeutic roles including the management of dyslipidaemia; increasing the efficiency of liver-targeted gene therapy; and improving regeneration of old livers.
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