Journal
PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 12, Pages 654-660Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01332.x
Keywords
Borrelia; dendritic cell; immune modulation; Ixodes ricinus
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Funding
- Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [IAA600960811]
- Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [Z60220518, LC06009]
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice [MSM 6007665801]
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Interaction between mouse dendritic cells (DCs) and Borrelia afzelii spirochetes was monitored on three different levels: phagocytosis of spirochetes by DCs, production of cytokines by Borrelia-stimulated DCs and the ability of Borrelia-exposed DCs to activate specific CD4+ T lymphocytes. The effect of Ixodes ricinus tick saliva on each of these interactions was examined. Tick saliva was shown to decrease the number of phagocytosing DCs. The ability of Borrelia-exposed DCs to induce both proliferation and IL-2 production by specific CD4+ T cells was significantly reduced by tick saliva. And surprisingly, we have shown an inhibitory effect of tick saliva on the production of both Th1 (TNF-alpha and IL-6) and Th2 (IL-10) cytokines by DCs. Our data reveal a complex inhibitory effect of tick saliva on Borrelia-DCs interaction.
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