Journal
PAIN MANAGEMENT NURSING
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 327-335Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2011.07.002
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- University of Virginia School of Nursing
- Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies
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To investigate the effects of microcurrent cranial electrical stimulation (CES) therapy on reducing pain and its associated symptoms in fibromyalgia (FM), we conducted a randomized, controlled, three-group (active CES device, sham device, and usual care alone [UC]), double-blind study to determine the potential benefit of CES therapy for symptom management in FM. Those individuals using the active CES device had a greater decrease in average pain (p = .023), fatigue (p = .071), and sleep disturbance (p = .001) than individuals using the sham device or those receiving usual care alone over time. Additionally, individuals using the active CES device had improved functional status versus the sham device and UC groups over time (p = .028). (C) 2013 by the American Society for Pain Management Nursing
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