Journal
TOXICOLOGY
Volume 338, Issue -, Pages 95-103Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.10.010
Keywords
Chlorpyrifos; Inflammatory; High-mobility group box 1; Nuclear factor kappa B; Interleukin-6; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
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Funding
- Key Subjects of Hunan Province [2012]
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Chlorpyrifos (CPF), one of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), is associated with developmental neurotoxicity. Inflammatory response is closely related with CPF-induced neurotoxicity. The present study aimed at exploring whether sub-toxic CPF exposure on neonatal rats results in neuroinflammation that mediated by HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kappa B signaling pathway in the amygdala. The neonatal rats were subcutaneously injected with 5 mg/kg CPF for 4 consecutive days (postnatal day 11-14) with or without HMGB1 inhibitor, glycyrrhizin. We assessed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines at 12, 24, and 72 h after CPF exposure. The role of HMGB1 on neuroinflammation in sub-toxic exposure during brain development was studied. CPF-treated neonatal rats exhibited a significant increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-alpha and HMGB1, and a significant increase in the activation of NF-kappa B in the amygdala after CPF exposure. Inhibited HMGB1 reduced the release of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and inhibited activation of NF-kappa B. Our findings indicate that CPF exposure on developmental brain might induce the activation of neuroinflammation mediated by HMGB1/TLR4/NF-kappa B pathway in the amygdala. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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