Journal
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0141-5
Keywords
Internalization; Receptor endocytosis; Recycling; FYVE domain; Rab GTPase; Epilepsy; Cathepsin D; Vitamin B12; Inborn error of metabolism
Funding
- B.C. Children's Hospital Foundation
- British Columbia Clinical Genomics Network [BCCGN00031]
- Rare Diseases Foundation [2013-X]
- Genome B.C. [SOF5-021-R33]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [301221]
- NIH [PO1 DK60564]
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Background: We report a 6.5 year-old female with a homozygous missense mutation in ZFYVE20, encoding Rabenosyn-5 (Rbsn-5), a highly conserved multi-domain protein implicated in receptor-mediated endocytosis. The clinical presentation includes intractable seizures, developmental delay, microcephaly, dysostosis, osteopenia, craniofacial dysmorphism, macrocytosis and megaloblastoid erythropoiesis. Biochemical findings include transient cobalamin deficiency, severe hypertriglyceridemia upon ketogenic diet, microalbuminuria and partial cathepsin D deficiency. Methods and results: Whole exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing confirmed a rare (frequency:0.003987) homozygous missense mutation, g. 15,116,371 G > A (c.1273G > A), in ZFYVE20 resulting in an amino acid change from Glycine to Arginine at position 425 of the Rbsn protein (p.Gly425Arg), as the only mutation segregating with disease in the family. Studies in fibroblasts revealed expression and localization of Rbsn-5G425R in wild-type manner, but a 50% decrease in transferrin accumulation, which is corrected by wild-type allele transfection. Furthermore, the patient's fibroblasts displayed an impaired proliferation rate, cytoskeletal and lysosomal abnormalities. Conclusion: These results are consistent with a functional defect in the early endocytic pathway resulting from mutation in Rbsn-5, which secondarily disrupts multiple cellular functions dependent on endocytosis, leading to a severe multi-organ disorder.
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