Self-Propagating β-Sheet Polypeptide Structures as Prebiotic Informational Molecular Entities: The Amyloid World

The idea is advanced that under the extreme earth conditions for similar to 3.9 billions years ago, protein-based beta-sheet molecular structures were the first self-propagating and information-processing biomolecules that evolved. The amyloid structure of these aggregates provided an effective protection against the harsh conditions known to decompose both polyribonucleotides and natively folded polypeptides. In the prebiotic amyloid world, both the replicative and informational functions were carried out by structurally stable beta-sheet protein aggregates in a prion-like mode involving templated self-propagation and storage of information in the beta-sheet conformation. In this amyloid (protein)-first, hybrid replication-metabolism view, the synthesis of RNA, and the evolvement of an RNA-protein world, were later, but necessary events for further biomolecular evolution to occur. I further argue that in our contemporary DNAa daggerRNA -> protein world, the primordial beta-conformation-based information system is preserved in the form of a cytoplasmic epigenetic memory.