Journal
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
Volume 21, Issue 21-22, Pages 2680-2690Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0150
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Funding
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health [R01 EB008722]
- Department of Veterans Affairs [I01 RX000700]
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Current clinically approved methods for cartilage repair are generally based on either endogenous cell recruitment (e.g., microfracture) or chondrocyte delivery (e.g., autologous chondrocyte implantation). However, both methods culminate in repair tissue with inferior mechanical properties and the addition of biomaterials to these clinical interventions may improve their efficacy. To this end, the objective of this study was to investigate the ability of multipolymer acellular fibrous scaffolds to improve cartilage repair when combined with microfracture in a large animal (i.e., minipig) model. Composite scaffolds were formulated from a combination of hyaluronic acid (HA) fibers and poly(-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers, either with or without transforming growth factor-3 (TGF3). After 12 weeks in vivo, material choice and TGF3 delivery had a significant impact on outcomes; specifically, PCL scaffolds without TGF3 had inferior gross appearance and reduced mechanical properties, whereas HA scaffolds that released TGF3 resulted in improved histological scores and increased type 2 collagen content. Importantly, analysis of the overall dataset revealed that histology, but not gross appearance, was a better predictor of mechanical properties. This study highlights the importance of scaffold properties on in vivo cartilage repair as well as the need for numerous quantitative outcome measures to fully evaluate treatment methods.
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