Journal
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
Volume 15, Issue 10, Pages 2624-2631Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.07.015
Keywords
Organic photovoltaic devices; Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)poly(styrenesulfonate); Indium tin oxide-free; Conductive atomic force microscopy
Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK [EP/P50578X1, EP/H021388/1]
- Paintbox Limited
- Science City Advance Materials Project1
- AWM fund
- ERDF fund
- EPSRC [EP/H021388/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/H021388/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Indium tin oxide (ITO)-free organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices were fabricated using highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the transparent conductive electrode (TCE). The intrinsic conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS films was improved by two different dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatments - (i) DMSO was added directly to the PEDOT:PSS solution (PEDOT:PSSADD) and (ii) a pre-formed PEDOT:PSS film was immersed in DMSO (PEDOT:PSSIMM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) studies showed a large amount of PSS was removed from the PEDOT:PSSIMM electrode surface. OPV devices based on a poly(3-hexylthiophene):[ 6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) bulk hetrojunction showed that the PEDOT:PSSIMM electrode out-performed the PEDOT:PSSADD electrode, primarily due to an increase in short circuit current density from 6.62 mA cm (2) to 7.15 mA cm (2). The results highlight the importance of optimising the treatment of PEDOT:PSS electrodes and demonstrate their potential as an alternative TCE for rapid processing and low-cost OPV and other organic electronic devices. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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