Diaporine, a novel endophyte-derived regulator of macrophage differentiation

Diaporine (1), an unprecedented symmetric polyketide, was characterized from the endophytic fungus. The structure was determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Diaporine can inhibit significantly the differentiation of macrophages and has potential to induce conversion from the M2 to the M1 phenotype, in addition to regulation of the TLR4-MAPK signal pathway and PPAR gamma activity.