Journal
OPTICS LETTERS
Volume 34, Issue 4, Pages 473-475Publisher
OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/OL.34.000473
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- Dutch Technology Foundation (STW) [TOE 6986]
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Channel waveguides based on a polymer, 6-fluorinated-dianhydride/epoxy, which is actively doped with a Nd complex, Nd(thenoyltrifluoroacetone)(3) 1,10-phenanthroline, are fabricated by a simple and reproducible procedure, spin coating a photodefinable cladding polymer onto a thermally oxidized silicon wafer, photo-patterning, backfilling with the active core polymer, and spin coating with an upper cladding layer. Photoluminescence at 1060 nm from the Nd(3+) ions with a lifetime of 130 mu s is observed. Optical gain at 1060 nm is demonstrated in channel waveguides with different Nd(3+) concentrations. By accounting for the waveguide loss of 0.1 dB/cm, an internal net gain of 8 dB is demonstrated for a 5.6-cm-long channel waveguide amplifier. Owing to the nature of the Nd(3+) Complex, energy-transfer upconversion affects the gain only at Nd(3+) concentrations above 1 X 10(20) cm(-3). (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
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