4.6 Article

Improved eye-fixation detection using polarization-modulated retinal birefringence scanning, immune to corneal birefringence

Journal

OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 22, Issue 7, Pages 7972-7988

Publisher

OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.007972

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Funding

  1. The Hartwell Foundation
  2. Research to Prevent Blindness
  3. Knights Templar Eye Foundation

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We present an improved method for remote eye-fixation detection, using a polarization-modulated approach to retinal birefringence scanning (RBS), without the need for individual calibration or separate background measurements and essentially independent of corneal birefringence. Polarization-modulated RBS detects polarization changes generated in modulated polarized light passing through a unique pattern of nerve fibers identifying and defining the retinal region where fixation occurs (the fovea). A proof-of-concept demonstration in human eyes suggests that polarization-modulated RBS has the potential to reliably detect true foveal fixation on a specified point with an accuracy of at least +/- 0.75 degrees, and that it can be applied to the general population, including individuals with sub-optimal eyes and young children, where early diagnosis of visual problems can be critical. As could be employed in an eye-controlled display or in other devices, polarization-modulated RBS also enables and paves the way for new and reliable eye-fixation-evoked human-machine interfaces. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America

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